The use of non-human animals in research is a longstanding practice to help us understand
and improve human biology and health. Animal models allow researchers, for example, to …

Environmental exposures, psychosocial stressors and nutrition are all potentially important
influences that may impact health outcomes directly or via interactions with the genome or …

The efforts of many neuroscientists are directed toward understanding the appreciable
plasticity of the brain and behavior. In recent years, epigenetics has become a core of this …

The environment can have a long‐lasting influence on an individual's physiology and
behavior. While some environmental conditions can be beneficial and result in adaptive …

Organisms can change their physiological/behavioural traits to adapt and survive in
changed environments. However, whether these acquired traits can be inherited across …

Accumulating evidence suggests that the intrauterine environment can have an impact on
long-term offspring health, so-called 'fetal programming'. A number of environmental …

Abstract Purpose of Review Epigenetic processes represent important mechanisms
underlying developmental plasticity in response to environmental exposures. The current …

Variations in phenotype reflect the influence of environmental conditions during
development on cellular functions, including that of the genome. The recent integration of …

Traditional studies on the combined effects of genetics and the environment on individual
variation in disease susceptibility primarily focus on single nucleotide polymorphisms that …

Animal models of early-life stress and variation in social experience across the lifespan have
contributed significantly to our understanding of the environmental regulation of the …