The Kappa coefficient is widely used in assessing categorical agreement between two raters
or two methods. It can also be extended to more than two raters (methods). When using …

The kappa statistic is a widely used measure for quantifying agreement between raters
using nominal scales. It is advocated on the grounds that it “corrects” for a level of …

Published results on the use of the kappa coefficient of agreement have traditionally been
concerned with situations where a large number of subjects is classified by a small group of …

Evaluating the extent of agreement between 2 or between several raters is common in
social, behavioral and medical sciences. The objective of this paper is to provide a detailed …

One of the characteristics of Cohen's kappa (κ) is that any discrepancy between raters is
equally weighted as zero. On the other hand, any agreement means absolute agreement …

The kappa statistic is a widely used measure for quantifying agreement between two
methods of classification into nominal categories. Part of the appeal of the kappa statistic is …

Reliability and agreement studies are of paramount importance. They do contribute to the
quality of studies by providing information about the amount of error inherent to any …

The quadratically weighted kappa is the most commonly used weighted kappa statistic for
summarizing interrater agreement on an ordinal scale. The paper presents several …

The kappa coefficient was introduced by Cohen (1960) as a reliability statistic when two
judges are classifying targets into categories on a nominal variable. It is most commonly …

Agreement analysis is conducted to assess reliability among rating results performed
repeatedly on the same subjects by one or more raters. The kappa statistic is commonly …