Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that often emerges as a clinical symptom of
inflammatory diseases. It has therefore been widely accepted that the immune system …

Chronic pain, both inflammatory and neuropathic, is a debilitating condition in which the
pain experience persists after the painful stimulus has resolved. The efficacy of current …

Background: The development of pain after peripheral nerve and tissue injury involves not
only neuronal pathways but also immune cells and glia. Central sensitization is thought to …

Perispinal (intrathecal) injection of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) envelope
glycoprotein gp120 creates exaggerated pain states. Decreases in response thresholds to …

We have previously demonstrated that activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
(p38 MAPK) in the spinal microglia mediates morphine antinociceptive tolerance …

Neuropathic pain represents a major problem in clinical medicine because it causes
debilitating suffering and is largely resistant to currently available analgesics. A …

Management of chronic pain is a real challenge, and current treatments that focus on
blocking neurotransmission in the pain pathway have resulted in limited success. Activation …

Neuropathic pain, a highly debilitating pain condition that commonly occurs after nerve
damage, is a reflection of the aberrant excitability of dorsal horn neurons. This pathologically …

Pain is a defense system that responds rapidly to harmful internal and external stimuli
through the somatosensory neuronal pathway. However, damage to the nervous system …

Introduction Neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition. The importance of neuroimmune
interactions in neuropathic pain has been evidenced by the involvement of different immune …