Background Physical activity (PA) has beneficial, whereas exposure to traffic related air
pollution (TRAP) has adverse, respiratory effects. Few studies, however, have examined if …

Objectives Exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been associated with adverse
respiratory and systemic outcomes. Physical activity (PA) in polluted air may increase …

Background: Exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been associated with
increased risks of respiratory diseases, but the biological mechanisms are not yet fully …

Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is increasing worldwide. Habitual physical activity is
known to prevent cardiorespiratory diseases and mortality, but whether exposure to TRAP …

Physical activity (PA) in urban environments may lead to increased inhalation of air
pollutants. As PA and air pollution (AP) have respectively beneficial and detrimental effects …

Exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) may enhance the risk of cardiovascular
disease. However, the short-term effects of TRAP components on the cardiovascular system …

Objectives This study aims to examine whether changes in short-term exposures to
particulate matter are associated with changes in lung function, breath rate, and blood …

Background The health effects of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) continue to be of
important public health interest across the globe. Following its 2010 review, the Health …

Background Short-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been associated
with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Physical activity (PA) in polluted air may increase …

Background Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is one of the major sources of exposure in
urban areas and has been associated with a wide range of adverse human health effects …