Fuel‐driven self‐assembly widely exists in the biological world since functional micro‐or
nanostructures in living bodies are usually transiently formed by biomolecular self‐assembly …

Highlights•Self-assembly processes can be activated by chemical fuels.•Fuel consumption
causes in spontaneous dissociation of the assembly.•The lifetime of the assembled …

Fuel‐driven reaction cycles are found in biological systems to control the assembly and
disassembly of supramolecular materials such as the cytoskeleton. Fuel molecules can bind …

Nature extensively exploits high-energy transient self-assembly structures that are able to
perform work through a dissipative process. Often, self-assembly relies on the use of …

13699 https://doi. org/10.1021/acs. chemrev. 1c00884 Chem. Rev. 2021, 121, 13699−
13700 and co-workers do a deep dive into exciting applications of cryogenic electron …

A rich variety of smart materials developed via supramolecular assembly strategies have
been introduced in the past decades. However, most materials reside in the thermodynamic …

Life is a non‐equilibrium state of matter maintained at the expense of energy. Nature uses
predominantly chemical energy stored in thermodynamically activated, but kinetically stable …

Self‐assembly is a ubiquitous process in biology where it plays numerous important roles
and underlies the formation of a wide variety of complex biological structures. Over the past …

Bioinspired synthesis offers potential green strategies to build highly complex nanomaterials
by utilizing the unique nanostructures, functions, and properties of biomolecules, in which …

Molecular assembly offers a promising strategy to construct active systems by using
biomolecules as building blocks. Such assembled systems simulate or regulate important …