The kidneys are organs that primarily regulate volume and composition of internal fluid
environment; their excretory function is incidental to their regulatory function. In renal failure …

devoted entirely to renal failure or renal replacement therapy in intensive care. The material
published in intensive care and nephrology journals on the technology of renal support, the …

Increased recognition of the overlap between critical care and renal medicine, and recent
advances in the understanding of acute renal failure and the application of renal …

Diagnosis and classification of acute pathology in the kidney are major clinical problems.
Azotemia and oliguria represent not only disease but normal responses of the kidney to …

Adequacy of Renal Replacement Therapy Page 1 Adequacy of Renal Replacement Therapy C.
Ronco and R. Bellomo Basic Principles An important issue for intensive care unit (lCU) patients …

Diagnosing and managing critically ill patients with renal dysfunction is a part of the daily
routine of an intensivist. Acute kidney insufficiency substantially contributes to the morbidity …

The total number of patients receiving treatment for end stage renal disease (ESRD) has
steadily increased in Europe as in the USA, with a yearly growth of 10–15%[1]. By the end of …

As discussed in far more detail in the article by Bellomo elsewhere in this issue, acute renal
failure (ARF) is the generic term for an abrupt and sustained decrease in renal function …

Acute renal failure is commonly encountered in the intensive care unit. It is associated with
considerable morbidity and mortality. There are many possible aetiologies in the critically ill …

There are currently approximately 250,000 patients in the United States on maintenance
dialysis [78], and it is estimated that an additional 6.2 million Americans have chronic renal …