Background The microbiota of the mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract consists of diverse
populations of commensal bacteria that interact with host physiological function …

The commensal microbiota of the human gastrointestinal tract live in a largely stable
community structure, assisting in host physiological and immunological functions. Changes …

Stress, a ubiquitous part of daily human life, has varied biological effects which are
increasingly recognized as including modulation of commensal microorganisms residing in …

The bodies of most animals are populated by highly complex and genetically diverse
communities of microorganisms. The majority of these microbes reside within the intestines …

The body is colonized by a vast population of genetically diverse microbes, the majority of
which reside within the intestines to comprise the intestinal microbiota. During periods of …

Exposure to stressful stimuli results in the activation of multiple physiological processes
aimed at maintaining homeostasis within the body. These physiological processes also …

The gastrointestinal tract is colonized by an enormous array of microbes that are known to
have many beneficial effects on the host. Previous studies have indicated that stressor …

The gut microbiome is extremely important for maintaining homeostasis with host intestinal
epithelial, neuronal, and immune cells and this host-microbe interaction is critical during …

The gut microbiota maintains a symbiotic relationship with the host and regulates several
important functions including host metabolism, immunity, and intestinal barrier function …

The importance of the gut–brain axis in regulating stress-related responses has long been
appreciated. More recently, the microbiota has emerged as a key player in the control of this …