The diseases caused by African trypanosomes (AT) are of both medical and veterinary
importance and have adversely influenced the economic development of sub-Saharan …

The Trypanosomatidae family includes the genera Trypanosoma and Leishmania,
protozoan parasites displaying complex digenetic life cycles requiring a vertebrate host and …

African trypanosomes have been around for more than 100 million years, and have adapted
to survival in a very wide host range. While various indigenous African mammalian host …

Parasites, including African trypanosomes, utilize several immune evasion strategies to
ensure their survival and completion of their life cycles within their hosts. The defense factors …

Unlike other protozoan parasites, African trypanosomes never enter the host cell at any
stage of their development. Instead, these parasites swim freely in the immunologically …

Salivarian trypanosomes are extracellular parasites that affect humans, livestock, and game
animals around the world. Through co-evolution with the mammalian immune system …

African trypanosomes are single-celled protozoan parasites that are capable of long-term
survival while living extracellularly in the bloodstream and tissues of mammalian hosts …

African trypanosomosis is a debilitating disease of great medical and socioeconomical
importance. It is caused by strictly extracellular protozoan parasites capable of infecting all …

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and T. brucei gambiense, the causative agents of Human
African Trypanosomiasis, are transmitted by tsetse flies. Within the vector, the parasite …

African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease that affects a variety of mammals, including
humans, on the sub‐Saharan African continent. To understand the diverse parameters that …