Noxious stimuli are detected by peripheral nociceptors and then transmitted to higher CNS
centers, where they are perceived as an unpleasant sensation. The mechanisms that govern …

Neuropathic pain can be a debilitating condition with both sensory and affective
components, the underlying brain circuitry of which remains poorly understood. In the …

Cortical mechanisms that regulate acute or chronic pain remain poorly understood. The
prefrontal cortex (PFC) exerts crucial control of sensory and affective behaviors. Recent …

The mechanisms for acute pain regulation in the brain are not well understood. The
prefrontal cortex (PFC) provides top-down control of emotional processes, and it projects to …

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a brain region involved in the affective components
of pain and undergoes plasticity during the development of chronic pain. Dopamine (DA) is …

Acute pain evokes protective neural and behavioral responses. Chronic pain, however,
disrupts normal nociceptive processing. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is known to exert top …

Neural circuits that determine the perception and modulation of pain remain poorly
understood. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) provides top-down control of sensory and affective …

Acute pain serves as a protective mechanism that alerts us to potential tissue damage and
drives a behavioural response that removes us from danger. The neural circuitry critical for …

The ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) collaborates with the dorsal raphe (DR) in
pain regulation and emotional response. However, the roles of vlPAG and DR γ …

Pain thresholds are, in part, set as a function of emotional and internal states by descending
modulation of nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord. Neurons of the rostral …