“Trained immunity” is a term proposed by Netea to describe the ability of an organism to
develop an exacerbated immunological response to protect against a second infection …

Immunological memory is a defining feature of vertebrate physiology, allowing rapid
responses to repeat infections. However, the molecular mechanisms required for its …

Non-specific innate and antigen-specific adaptive immunological memories are vital
evolutionary adaptations that confer long-lasting protection against a wide range of …

The last few years have witnessed an increasing body of evidence that challenges the
traditional view that immunological memory is an exclusive trait of the adaptive immune …

Training the trainable cells of the immune system and beyond | Nature Immunology Skip to
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The key feature of the adaptive immune response is its specificity and the ability to generate
and maintain memory. Preexisting antibodies in the circulation and at the mucosa provide …

Studies on immunologic memory in animal models and especially in the human system are
instrumental to identify mechanisms and correlates of protection necessary for vaccine …

Adaptation is the ability of cells, tissues and organisms to rapidly and reversibly modify their
properties to maximize fitness in a changing environment. The activity of immune-system …

The newborn and infant periods of early life are associated with heightened vulnerability to
infection. Limited antigen exposure and distinct adaptive immune function compared to the …

Because it reaches full functional efficacy rapidly upon encounter with a pathogen, the
innate immune system is considered as the first line of defense against infections. The …