Study Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous lidocaine and two doses of esmolol
for attenuating the cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation, and to assess …

Pneumoperitoneum required for laparoscopy results in pathophysiologic changes,
especially in the cardiovascular system. Clonidine, an alpha 2 agonist has been shown to …

Background: Clonidine has been shown to reduce perioperative circulatory instability. This
postoperative analgesic effect of clonidine was also known in previous studies. The aim of …

Because clonidine has analgesic and sedative properties, it may influence the awakening
concentration or dose of an anesthetic. To investigate the effects of oral clonidine …

Clonidine is known to reduce anaesthetic requirements and improve haemodynamic
stability when given as premedication. This study, of 46 ASA I–II patients undergoing thyroid …

The effect of clonidine (4.5 μg kg‐1) on haemodynamics and hormonal stress responses
was evaluated in 21 female patients undergoing breast surgery. The standardized general …

In this controlled study, we compared clonidine with conventional premedication in 35
patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). After premedication with …

The effects of clonidine, a centrally acting alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, on depth of
fentanyl anesthesia and on cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and intubation were …

Methods Preoperative anxiety was measured using the Spielberger state-trait anxiety
inventory (STAl-state). Pretreatment evaluation was performed on the day before surgery …

SummaryBackground and objective: This randomized, double-blinded, prospective study
compared the effects of clonidine, esmolol or alfentanil on the level of hypnosis and …