Many promising therapeutic agents are limited by their inability to reach the systemic
circulation, due to the excellent barrier properties of biological membranes, such as the …

Transdermal delivery provides numerous benefits over conventional routes of
administration. However, this strategy is generally limited to a few molecules with specific …

Human skin is a multilayered physiochemical barrier protecting the human body. The
stratum corneum (SC) is the outermost keratinized layer of skin through which only …

In order to exploit the transdermal route for systemic delivery of a wide range of drug
molecules, including peptide/protein molecules and genetic material, a means of disrupting …

The formidable barrier properties of the uppermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum,
impose significant limitations for successful systemic delivery of broad range of therapeutic …

The intrinsic properties of therapeutic proteins generally present a major impediment for
transdermal delivery, including their relatively large molecule size and susceptibility to …

Drug delivery through the skin offers many advantages such as avoidance of hepatic first-
pass metabolism, maintenance of steady plasma concentration, safety, and compliance over …

Transdermal delivery systems have recently attracted a great interest due to its minimal
invasiveness and convenience. One latest technology in this field is the microneedle …

Transdermal route has been explored for various agents due to its advantage of bypassing
the first pass effect and sustained release of drug. Due to strong barrier properties of the …

The greatest limitation in the development of transdermal drug delivery systems is that only a
few drugs can permeate the skin due to the barrier function of the stratum corneum. Active …