The caudal brainstem nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is the initial central nervous system
(CNS) terminus for a variety of gastrointestinal mechanical, nutrient chemical and gut …

Omnivores, including rodents and humans, compose their diets from a wide variety of
potential foods. Beyond the guidance of a few basic orosensory biases such as attraction to …

Regulation of feeding behavior is complex. The system integrates hormonal (CCK, ghrelin,
insulin and PY3-36 etc), nutrient (glucose and lipids) and neural signals triggered by food …

During digestion, macronutrients are sensed within the small intestine. This sensory process
is dependent upon the action of gut mediators, such as cholecystokinin (CCK) or serotonin …

The hypothalamus is a center of food intake and energy metabolism regulation. Information
signals from peripheral organs are mediated through the circulation or the vagal afferent …

Numerous peripheral signals contribute to the regulation of food intake and energy
homeostasis. Mechano-and chemoreceptors signaling the presence and energy density of …

The primary sensors in the gut are endocrine cells. They release peptides and amines that
stimulate intrinsic and extrinsic neural pathways affecting gastrointestinal motor and …

An overview is presented of those signals generated by the gastrointestinal (GI) tract during
meals that interact with the central nervous system to create a sensation of fullness and …

Intestinal gluconeogenesis is involved in the control of food intake. We show that mu-opioid
receptors (MORs) present in nerves in the portal vein walls respond to peptides to regulate a …

▪ Abstract Brainstem parasympathetic circuits that modulate digestive functions of the
stomach are comprised of afferent vagal fibers, neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius …