Context Presence of low-frequency, or minority, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-
1) drug resistance mutations may adversely affect response to antiretroviral treatment (ART) …

Background: Transmission of drug-resistant HIV strains to antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve
subjects can negatively impact therapy response. As treatment strategies and utilization of …

Abstract Background Minor (ie,< 20% prevalence) drug-resistant human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) variants may go undetected, yet be clinically important Objectives To compare …

Objectives: To evaluate the risk of virologic failure conferred by suboptimal adherence to
nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and minority NNRTI resistance …

Background. The clinical relevance of detecting minority drug-resistant human
immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants is uncertain. Methods. To determine the …

Introduction Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings has expanded in the last
decade, reaching> 8 million individuals and reducing AIDS mortality and morbidity …

Background Transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance can compromise initial antiretroviral therapy
(ART); therefore, its detection is important for patient management. The absence of drug …

Background. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drug resistance may limit the
benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This cohort study examined patterns of drug …

Background It is largely unknown how frequently low-abundance HIV drug-resistant variants
at levels under limit of detection of conventional genotyping (< 20% of quasi-species) are …

Background Increased access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in rising levels of
pretreatment human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance (PDR). This is the first …