Background Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis have been developed to guide the
diagnostic process. In the latest revision of the McDonald criteria, the presence of …

In a previous study we found that nine of 47 siblings to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with a
normal neurological examination carry an intrathecal oligoclonal immunopathy with limited …

A low prevalence of oligoclonal IgG bands (OB) has been reported as a unique feature of
Japanese multiple sclerosis (MS) as compared with Western MS. We compared the …

Objective–The detection of oligoclonal immunoglobulin free light chains (FLC) in the
diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) was compared to IgG isoelectric focusing. Material and …

We reviewed the records of 391 patients who had presented with a Clinically Isolated
Syndrome and selected 205 who had performed a baseline spinal tap and MRI scan. We …

Neurofilaments are cytoskeletal proteins localized within axons, which may interact with the
immune system during and following tissue destruction in multiple sclerosis (MS). Antibodies …

The K free light chain (K) index has been suggested as a reliable marker of intrathecal
synthesis, despite the 2017 McDonald criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) suggesting to …

A prospective study in patients with a clinical acute isolated brainstem or spinal cord
disorder was undertaken. The aim was to evaluate the predictive value of IgG intrathecal …

ACTH gel and corticosteroids were given to 28 clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS)
patients to determine whether de novo central nervous system (CNS) IgG synthesis (rate …

Abstract Interleukin (IL) 1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα, and IL-6 are cytokines which
mediate cellular responses during immune activation and inflammation. In multiple sclerosis …