Enhancing vaccines with immune stimulatory CpG DNA.

AM Krieg, HL Davis - Current opinion in molecular therapeutics, 2001 - europepmc.org
Certain vertebrate immune cells have evolved receptors that detect the presence of
pathogen DNA based on its content of unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in particular base …

Secondary structures in CpG oligonucleotides affect immunostimulatory activity

ER Kandimalla, L Bhagat, YP Cong, RK Pandey… - Biochemical and …, 2003 - Elsevier
Oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG dinucleotides in specific sequence contexts activate
the vertebrate immune system. Our previous studies showed that the 5′-end of a CpG …

CpG-ODN—Safety Considerations

D Verthelyi, DM Klinman - Microbial DNA and Host Immunity, 2002 - Springer
Bacterial DNA and synthetic oligonucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated cytidine-
phosphate guanosine dinucleotide (CpG) motifs (CpG-ODN) stimulate a rapid innate …

Treatment of infectious diseases with immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs

U Dittmer, ARM Olbrich - Current Opinion in Microbiology, 2003 - Elsevier
Bacterial DNA with CpG motifs can efficiently stimulate the vertebrate immune system. Thus,
synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides that contain such CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) are currently used …

CpG DNA Induces Protective Antiviral Immune Responses in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

JB Jørgensen, LH Johansen, K Steiro… - Journal of …, 2003 - Am Soc Microbiol
Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides within specific
sequence contexts (CpG motifs) are detected, like bacterial or viral DNA, as a danger signal …

Divergent synthetic nucleotide motif recognition pattern: design and development of potent immunomodulatory oligodeoxyribonucleotide agents with distinct cytokine …

ER Kandimalla, L Bhagat, D Wang, D Yu… - Nucleic Acids …, 2003 - academic.oup.com
Unmethylated CpG dinucleotides present within certain specific sequence contexts in
bacterial and synthetic DNA stimulate innate immune responses and induce cytokine …

CpG DNA and LPS induce distinct patterns of activation in human monocytes

G Hartmann, AM Krieg - Gene therapy, 1999 - nature.com
A specific set of immune functions is switched on in response to DNA containing
unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in particular base contexts ('CpG motifs'). Plasmids, viral …

CpG motif identification for veterinary and laboratory species demonstrates that sequence recognition is highly conserved

R Rankin, R Pontarollo, X Ioannou… - … and Nucleic Acid …, 2001 - liebertpub.com
Oligodinucleotides containing CpG motifs stimulate vertebrate immune cells in vitro, have
proven efficacy in murine disease models and are currently being tested in human clinical …

Human peripheral blood cells differentially recognize and respond to two distinct CPG motifs

D Verthelyi, KJ Ishii, M Gursel, F Takeshita… - The Journal of …, 2001 - journals.aai.org
Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) that contain unmethylated CpG dinucleotides trigger a strong
innate immune response in vertebrates. CpG ODN show promise as vaccine adjuvants, anti …

Immunoregulatory activity of CpG oligonucleotides in humans and nonhuman primates

D Verthelyi, DM Klinman - Clinical Immunology, 2003 - Elsevier
Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing CpG motifs mimic the ability of microbial DNA to
activate the innate immune system. The resultant response limits the early spread of …