Compelling archaeological evidence of an occupation older than Clovis (~ 12.8 to 13.1
thousand years ago) in North America is present at only a few sites, and the stone tool …

The evolutionary origins of lingulid brachiopods and their calcium phosphate shells have
been obscure. Here we decode the 425-Mb genome of Lingula anatina to gain insights into …

Synapsids dominated the terrestrial realm between the late Pennsylvanian and the Triassic.
Their early evolution includes some of the first amniotes to evolve large size, herbivory, and …

The advent of numerical methods for analysing phylogenetic relationships, along with the
study of morphology and molecular data, has driven our understanding of animal …

A phylogeny and timescale derived from analyses of multilocus nuclear DNA sequences for
Holarctic genera of plethodontid salamanders reveal them to be an old radiation whose …

In Western Europe, the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition is associated with the
disappearance of Neandertals and the spread of anatomically modern humans (AMHs) …

Although molecular studies have helped to clarify the phylogeny of the problematic family
Viverridae, a recent phylogenetic investigation based on cytochrome b (cyt b) has excluded …

TERRESTRIAL arthropods have a fossil record that reaches back to at least the Upper
Silurian (420 million years ago). Most available data on these early land animals comes …

The occasion of the Xenarthra Symposium during the ICVM 9 meeting allowed us to reflect
on the considerable advances in the knowledge of sloths made by the “X-community” over …

The origin and early evolution of amniotes (fully terrestrial vertebrates) led to major changes
in the structure and hierarchy of terrestrial ecosystems. The first appearance of herbivores …