Biofilms are aggregates formed as a protective survival state by microorganisms to adapt to
the environment and can be resistant to antimicrobial agents and host immune responses …

Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that are attached to a biological or abiotic
surface and are surrounded by a self-produced extracellular matrix. Cells within a biofilm …

Pathogenic microbial biofilms that readily form on implantable medical devices or human
tissues have posed a great threat to worldwide healthcare. Hopes are focused on preventive …

In living organisms, biofilms are defined as complex communities of bacteria residing within
an exopolysaccharide matrix that adheres to a surface. In the clinic, they are typically the …

Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, include bloodstream
infections, surgical site infections, skin and soft tissue infections, respiratory tract infections …

Biofilms are complex structures formed by bacteria, fungi, or even viruses on biotic and
abiotic surfaces, and they can be found in almost any part of the human body. The …

Biofilms are complex microbial architectures that encase microbial cells in a matrix
comprising self-produced extracellular polymeric substances. Microorganisms living in …

Bacterial biofilms can cause widespread infection. In addition to causing urinary tract
infections and pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis, biofilms can help …

Due to the continuous rise in biofilm‐related infections, biofilms seriously threaten human
health. The formation of biofilms makes conventional antibiotics ineffective and dampens …

Biofilms play a pivotal role in healthcare-associated infections, especially those related to
the implant of medical devices, such as intravascular catheters, urinary catheters and …