Carbonaceous and alternative supporting materials for platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd)
have been explored for the cathodic electrocatalysis in low-temperature fuel cells. Pd and Pt …

One of the critical issues in the industrial development of fuel cells (eg, proton exchange
membrane fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells and biofuel cells) is the high cost, serious …

Developments of high efficient materials for electrocatalyst are significant topics of numerous
researches since a few decades. Recent global interests related with energy conversion and …

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is regarded as the rate-determining step in a fuel cell or a
metal–air battery because of the kinetically retarded four-electron process. Among the …

Platinum (Pt)-based materials are the first choice as the electrocatalyts for many
electrochemical reactions including those in fuel cells and electrolyzers due to their …

With the growing demand for fossil energy and the consequent environmental pollution
problems, fuel cells (FCs) play a significant role in the affordable, secure and zero emission …

The fuel cell (FC), as a clean and high-efficiency device, has drawn a great deal of attention
in terms of both fundamentals and applications. However, the high cost and scarcity of the …

Electrocatalyst development has been a cornerstone for fuel cell applications but heavily
hindered by several technical challenges, especially the insufficient activity and poor …

Electrocatalytic processes, such as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution
reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction …

The recent advances in electrocatalysis for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for proton
exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are thoroughly reviewed. This comprehensive …