Background In many countries, the average age of people who use illicit opioids, such as
heroin, is increasing. This has been suggested to be a reason for increasing numbers of …

Importance Heroin use is an urgent concern in the United States. Little is know about the
course of heroin use, heroin use disorder, and associated factors. Objective To examine …

We assessed mortality risk factors and excess mortality compared to the general population
in two Spanish sub-cohorts of 8,825 cocaine and heroin users (CHUs) and 11,905 only …

Objective To estimate the prevalence of dependent or daily heroin users in Australia, and to
compare the prevalence in Australia with that in other developed countries. Design We …

BACKGROUND: We examine major causes of death amongst persons in contact with drug-
treatment services across Scotland during April 1996–March 2006, hereafter Scottish Drug …

Background Illicit drug use is a well-established risk factor for morbidity and mortality.
However, few studies have examined the impact of different drug use patterns on mortality …

Cohort study on 471 subjects resident in the metropolitan area of Bologna who had visited a
public treatment center for problems due to the abuse of cocaine from January 1, 1988 to …

Abstract Background In Europe, North America, and Australia, mortality due to drug-related
(DR) causes amongst people who inject drugs (PWID) is a major issue. Our objective was to …

Background Overdose is a major cause of morbidity and mortality amongst opioid users.
This paper reported recent non-fatal overdose amongst the Australian Treatment Outcome …

Nationally, death rates from prescription opioid pain reliever (OPR) overdoses quadrupled
during 1999–2010, whereas rates from heroin overdoses increased by< 50%.* Individual …