It has long been appreciated that fine particulate air pollution contributes to the pathology of
respiratory disease and cancer. 1, 2 The more elusive link to cardiovascular disease …

An escalating body of epidemiologic and clinical research provides compelling evidence
that exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution contributes to the development of …

Ambient particulate matter has been associated consis-tently with an increased risk for
mortality largely due to cardiovascular diseases. 1 Although the relative risk estimates from …

A growing body of evidence indicates that the respiratory system is not the only target organ
that may be injured by the inhalation of airborne particulate matter. Increased attention is …

In 2004, the first American Heart Association scientific statement on “Air Pollution and
Cardiovascular Disease” concluded that exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution …

The environmental controls that have been developed over the last quarter century have, for
the most part, been designed to reduce respiratory disease and cancer. In contrast, public …

Objective Air pollution is now recognized as an important independent risk factor for
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and may be responsible for up to 3 million premature …

Air pollution is a heterogeneous, complex mixture of gases, liquids, and particulate matter.
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a consistent increased risk for cardiovascular …

A large and growing body of research has provided increasingly compelling evidence that
exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) …

Background—Epidemiologic studies have linked long-term exposure to fine particulate
matter air pollution (PM) to broad cause-of-death mortality. Associations with specific …