Views on the evolution of immunity have been redefined as studies in protostomes,
invertebrate deuterostomes, and various vertebrates have elucidated molecular details of …

Frequent positive selection is a hallmark of genes involved in the adaptive immune system
of vertebrates, but the incidence of positive selection for genes underlying innate immunity in …

Invertebrate immunity, a vast, still relatively unexplored, but exciting area, offers many
reasons for sustained analysis. First, we will continue to reveal immune reactions as …

Recent evidence show that the classical distinction between innate and acquired immunity
can no longer be employed to thoroughly characterize immune defenses. As an example …

All multicellular organisms protect themselves against pathogens using sophisticated
immune defenses. Functionally interconnected humoral and cellular facilities maintain …

The arms race between hosts and pathogens (and other non-self) drives the molecular
diversification of immune response genes in the host. Over long periods of evolutionary time …

Gene and/or pathway conservation across species implies essential functions for that gene
or pathway in a particular biological response. Such conservation is particularly important in …

This book contains the proceedings of the first meeting on invertebrate immunity ever
sponsored as a summer research conference by the Federation of American Societies for …

The multitude of cells, signaling pathways, receptors, novel genetic recombination
mechanisms and interactive pathways of receptor function and cell differentiation that …

Over the past several decades, immunologists have paid considerable attention to
characterizing the mechanisms by which jawed vertebrates somatically diversify their …