The origins of research on leisure constraints can be traced back for at least a century, but it
is only in the last two to three decades that social scientists in North America have …

This article assesses the status of hierarchical leisure constraints theory (Crawford &
Godbey, 1987; Crawford, Jackson, & Godbey, 1991) regarding many issues. Such issues …

This paper reports two separate analyses based on interviews in which people talked about
the factors that shaped leisure within their everyday lives. In the first analysis, researchers …

This study examined the possible existence of three distinct, hierarchically ordered
categories of constraints on leisure originally proposed by Crawford and Godbey (1987) and …

Leisure constraints research aims to investigate and understand the factors that are
assumed by researchers and perceived by individuals to inhibit or prohibit participation and …

Results from a Canadian questionnaire survey that investigated constraints to leisure
provide empirical evidence of the relative importance of various criterion variables (such as …

The purpose of this article is to address some of the issues raised by Samdahl and
Jekubovich (1997) in their critique of leisure constraints research. I suggest that the authors …

The purpose of this article is to modify a conceptualization of leisure constraints offered by
Crawford and Godbey (1987). It is suggested that Crawford and Godbey's three discrete …

This paper provides a brief review of past research on leisure constraints, paying particular
attention to conceptual and analytical issues and to the practical applications of investigating …