Over the last 55 years, the traditional pill has constantly evolved. After the early attempts with
mestranol, the use of ethinyl-estradiol (EE) became predominant for decades until a few …

The pill [combined oral contraceptive (COC)], with around 140 million of users worldwide, is
the most popular method of contraception and the most used Lchronic therapyL by women …

Three estradiol (E2)-containing oral contraceptives, estradiol valerate/cyproterone acetate
(E2V/CPA, Femilar®), estradiol valerate/dienogest (E2V/DNG, Qlaira®/NataziaTM), and …

Dienogest (DNG) has the essential properties of an effective progestogen for use in a new
contraceptive pill using estradiol valerate as estrogenic component–it inhibits ovulation and …

Hormonal contraception was born when Carl Djerassi and co-workers succeeded in semi-
synthesising norethindrone from Discorea mexicana, a yam that grows in Mexico, thus …

Background Women would prefer more natural hormonal contraception, with high reliability,
good tolerability, a simple dosing schedule and possibly some health advantages. Aim To …

Attempts have been made over the years to replace ethinyl estradiol (EE) in combined oral
contraceptives (COCs) with the less potent natural estrogen estradiol (E 2), or its prodrug, E …

The synthetic progestins used for contraception so far are structurally related either to
testosterone (estranes and gonanes) or to progesterone (pregnanes and 19-norpregnanes) …

Abstract▴ Estradiol valerate/dienogest is an oral contraceptive for women that combines the
natural estrogen estradiol with the 19-nortestosterone derivative dienogest in a four-phasic …

Apart from combination preparations, which contain estrogens and progestins, various
estrogen-free systems are now available in different applications (oral, subdermal …