Cytokines constitute a significant portion of the immuno‐and neuromodulatory messengers
that can be released by activated microglia. By virtue of potent effects on resident and …

Microglia cells are resident central nervous system (CNS) leukocytes that regulate innate
immunity and participate in adaptive immune responses in CNS tissue. However, microglia …

Microglia are the intrinsic immune cells of the brain and express chemokine and cytokine
receptors that interact with the peripheral immune cells. Recent studies have indicated that …

Microglia are resident macrophage-like immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS)
and play a vital role in both physiological and pathological conditions, including restoring …

Microglia are the histiocytes of the central nervous system. These long-lived cells undergo
very little turnover in normal physiological states; however, in pathological conditions …

Microglia, the macrophages of the central nervous system parenchyma, have in the normal
healthy brain a distinct phenotype induced by molecules expressed on or secreted by …

Microglial cells are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system. These cells of
mesodermal/mesenchymal origin migrate into all regions of the central nervous system …

Microglia—the macrophage equivalent of the CNS—safeguards and supports neuronal
functions. Threats to the CNS homeostasis can trigger a rapid transformation of these cells …

The most characteristic feature of microglial cells is their rapid activation in response to even
minor pathological changes in the CNS. Microglia activation is a key factor in the defence of …

Microglial cells, the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system (CNS),
actively scan tissue under both normal and pathologic contexts. Their resulting engagement …