The healthy immune system eliminates pathogens and maintains tissue homeostasis
through extraordinarily complex networks with feedback systems while avoiding potentially …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) first emerged in December
2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread rapidly worldwide. As researchers seek to …

The innate immune system is important for initial antiviral response. SARS-CoV-2 can result
in overactivity or suppression of the innate immune system. A dysregulated immune …

Emerging respiratory viruses are major health threats due to their potential to cause massive
outbreaks. Over the past 2 years, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has …

The clinical manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) mainly targets the lung
as a primary affected organ, which is also a critical site of immune cell activation by severe …

COVID-19 is a viral disease that has caused millions of deaths around the world since 2020.
Many strategies have been developed to manage patients in critical conditions; however …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a recently emerged
pathogen that has caused coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the worst pandemic of our …

There is strong evidence that COVID-19 pathophysiology is mainly driven by a
spatiotemporal immune deregulation. Both its phenotypic heterogeneity, spanning from …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative virus of
pandemic acute respiratory disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most of …

No proven remedy is identified for COVID-19 yet. SARS-CoV-2, the viral agent, is
recognized by some endosomal and cytosolic receptors following cell entry, entailing innate …