Highlights•RNA produced in a host plant can affect gene expression in an interacting fungus
or oomycete.•RNA produced in a fungus can affect the defense system of a host …

Highlights•Small RNAs regulate plant immune responses and pathogen virulence.•Small
RNAs can move between interacting organisms and induce cross-kingdom RNAi.•Advanced …

Fungal pathogens represent a major group of plant invaders that are the causative agents of
many notorious plant diseases. Large quantities of RNAs, especially small RNAs involved in …

Gene silencing guided by small RNAs governs a broad range of cellular processes in
eukaryotes. Small RNAs are important components of plant immunity because they …

RNA silencing was originally identified as an immune system targeted against transposons
and viruses, but is now also recognized as a major regulatory process that affects all layers …

Recent discoveries regarding small RNAs and the mechanisms of gene silencing are
providing new opportunities to explore fungal pathogen–host interactions and potential …

RNA silencing in plants and insects can function as a defence mechanism against invading
viruses. RNA silencing-based antiviral defence entails the production of virus-derived small …

RNA silencing is a central regulator of gene expression in most eukaryotes and acts both at
the transcriptional level through DNA methylation and at the post-transcriptional level …

RNA silencing can reduce the expression of specific genes through posttranscriptional gene
silencing, the microRNA pathway, and also through transcriptional gene silencing …

RNA silencing plays a critical role in plant resistance against viruses, with multiple silencing
factors participating in antiviral defense. Both RNA and DNA viruses are targeted by the …