Objectives South Africa's national antiretroviral (ARV) treatment program expanded in 2010
to include the nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NRTI) tenofovir (TDF) for …

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of NRTI and NNRTI drug resistance mutations in
patients failing NNRTI-based ART in Southern Africa. Study design: We conducted a …

Background The ever-expanding rollout of antiretroviral therapy in poor resource settings
without routine virological monitoring has been accompanied with development of drug …

A large cohort of 220 HIV-1-infected children (median [range] age: 12 [4–17] years) was
cared and followed up in the Central African Republic, including 198 in 1st-line and 22 in …

Background With widespread use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in Africa, one of the major
potential challenges is the risk of emergence of ARV drug‐resistant HIV strains. Our …

Background Studies of patients failing second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-
limited settings (RLS) are few. Evidence suggests most patients who appear to be …

Background Deep sequencing could improve understanding of HIV treatment failure and
viral population dynamics. However, this tool is often inaccessible in low-and middle-income …

Background. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drug resistance may limit the
benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This cohort study examined patterns of drug …

Background Emerging HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) could jeopardize the success of
standardized HIV management protocols in resource-limited settings. We characterized …

Objective: To determine drug resistance mutation (DRM) patterns in a large cohort of
patients failing nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based first-line …