The problem of drug resistance is very worrying and ever increasing. Resistance is due not
only to the reckless use of antibiotics but also to the fact that pathogens are able to adapt to …

Highlights•Currently used antibiotics were developed to target planktonic bacteria.•Recent
discoveries on biofilm properties led to promising anti-biofilm strategies.•Biofilm inhibition …

Drug delivery systems (DDS) have extensively progressed over the past decades for
eradicating the bacteria embedded in biofilms while minimizing the side effects of …

In recent years, the emergence of newly identified acute and chronic infectious disorders
caused by diverse combinations of pathogens, termed polymicrobial diseases, has had …

Biofilm-dispersing enzymes degrade the extracellular polymeric matrix surrounding bacterial
biofilms, disperse the microbial community and increase their susceptibility to antibiotics and …

As bacteria aggregate and form biofilms on surfaces in the human body such as tissues,
indwelling medical devices, dressings and implants, they can cause a significant health risk …

The rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including strains that are resistant to last-resort
antibiotics, and the limited ability of antibiotics to eradicate biofilms have necessitated the …

Medical conditions are often exacerbated by the onset of infection caused by hospital
dwelling bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics taken orally or intravenously …

Biofilms are aggregate of microorganisms in which cells are frequently embedded within a
self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and adhere to each other …

A biofilm is a community of stable microorganisms encapsulated in an extracellular matrix
produced by themselves. Many types of microorganisms that are found on living hosts or in …