Stomata regulate the supply of CO2 for photosynthesis and the rate of water loss out of the
leaf. The presence of stomata on both leaf surfaces, termed amphistomy, increases …

Mesophyll diffusion conductance to CO2 is a key photosynthetic trait that has been studied
intensively in the past years. The intention of the present review is to update knowledge of …

Stomatal optimization has been a common phenomenological approach to represent plant
stomatal 21 regulation for decades. Recent studies that maximize the instantaneous net …

Tight coordination in the photosynthetic, gas exchange and water supply capacities of
leaves is a globally conserved trend across land plants. Strong selective constraints on leaf …

Optimal stomatal control models have shown great potential in predicting stomatal behavior
and improving carbon cycle modeling. Basic stomatal optimality theory posits that stomatal …

The climate change conditions predicted for the end of the current century are expected to
have an impact on the performance of plants under natural conditions. The variables which …

Finite mesophyll conductance (gm) reduces the rate of CO 2 diffusion from the leaf
intercellular space to the chloroplast and constitutes a major limitation of photosynthesis in …

During photosynthesis, CO2 moves from the atmosphere (Ca) surrounding the leaf to the
sub‐stomatal internal cavities (Ci) through stomata, and from there to the site of …

Stomata govern carbon-water balance by simultaneously controlling photosynthesis (A) and
transpiration (E). It is unclear how patchy stomatal conductance influences this control …

In order for plants to use water efficiently, stomata must ensure an appropriate balance
between CO 2 demands for photosynthesis and water loss through transpiration. To achieve …