In recent decades, many researchers have written numerous articles about microbial
biofilms. Biofilm is a complex community of microorganisms and an example of bacterial …

In most environments, microorganisms evolve in a sessile mode of growth, designated as
biofilm, which is characterized by cells embedded in a self‐produced extracellular matrix …

The processes associated with early events in biofilm formation have become a major
research focus over the past several years. Events associated with dispersion of cells from …

Biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is hypothesized to follow a developmental
pattern initiated by attachment to a surface followed by microcolony formation and mature …

Biofilms are communities of microorganisms embedded in extracellular polymeric
substances (EPS) matrix. Bacteria in biofilms demonstrate distinct features from their free …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogenic bacterium widely investigated for its high
incidence in clinical environments and its ability to form strong biofilms. During biofilm …

Biofilm dispersion has become widely recognized as a natural phenomenon associated with
the terminal stage of biofilm development. As a behavioral characteristic of bacteria, this …

Highlights•At least three types of “escapes” or ways for bacteria to leave the biofilm are
known.•Types of escapes are referred to as desorption, detachment, and …

The formation of microbial biofilms enables single planktonic cells to assume a multicellular
mode of growth. During dispersion, the final step of the biofilm life cycle, single cells egress …

We review the recent advances in the understanding of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa
biofilm lifestyle from studies using in vitro laboratory setups such as flow chambers and …