Infants spending extended time in the neonatal intensive care unit are at greater risk of
developing a variety of mental health problems later in life, possibly due to exposure to …

Early life trauma has been linked to increased risks for anxiety, depression, and chronic
pain. We used rodent models of acute and inflammatory neonatal pain to explore effects on …

The intensive care necessary for premature newborns is characterized by multiple
procedures, many of which are painful. Given emerging evidence that such early pain during …

Repeated pain during brain development can have long-term consequences in both
humans and animals. We previously showed that maternal care provided to pups …

Early life adversity, including that which occurs in a medical setting, has been increasingly
shown to have lasting consequences on both physical and mental health. In order to …

Premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may be subjected to numerous
painful procedures without analgesics. One necessary, though acutely painful, procedure is …

Premature infants are routinely exposed to invasive medical procedures during neonatal
intensive care treatment that are largely performed in the absence of anesthetics or …

Repeated pain during a critical period of development can have long-term behavioral and
physiological consequences in both human and animals. We previously showed that rat …

Early preterm neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are subjected to
repeated painful procedures which could sensitize their responses to pain and potentiate …

For half a century, Seymour Levine's pioneering work on the interactions between mother
and infant have helped us understand the critical early factors that shape physiology and …