Crystallization of salts in the urine is a process common to many mammals including
humans. The crystals are either harmlessly excreted as crystalluria particles or are retained …

Most kidney stones consist of crystals of calcium oxalate (CaOx) and/or calcium phosphate
(CaP), and develop on nidi present on renal papillary surfaces. Stone formation is the last …

In human nephrolithiasis, most stones are containing calcium and are located within urinary
cavities; they may contain monohydrate calcium oxalate, dihydrate calcium oxalate and/or …

Calcium oxalate stone disease is the most common human urinary stone disease in the
Western Hemisphere. To understand different aspects of the disease, calcium oxalate …

Purpose: The aim of this study was to design a simple and convenient rat model with
significant calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the kidney. Materials and Methods: Sprague …

Urolithiasis is a multifactorial disease with a high incidence and high recurrence rate,
characterized by formation of solid deposits in the urinary tract. The most common type of …

There are three main approaches to urolithiasis research: theory, basic science, and clinical
implementation. Although each approach has yielded meaningful results, there does not …

The formation of kidney stones depends, absolutely, on the nucleation of sparingly soluble
salts–principally calcium oxalate–in the urinary tract. Under everyday conditions, urine is …

Purpose: The availability of various transgenic and knockout mice provides an excellent
opportunity to better understand the pathophysiology of calcium oxalate stone disease …

Calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis in rats is induced by producing hyperoxaluria.
Depending on the degree and length of hyperoxaluria, CaOx crystals may either form in the …