The success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), notably anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte
associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) as well as inhibitors of CTLA-4, programmed death 1 (PD-1) …

Significant technological advances in radiotherapy have been made in the past few
decades. High-precision radiotherapy has recently become popular and is contributing to …

The interaction of the host immune system with tumor cells in the tissue microenvironment is
essential in understanding tumor immunity and development of successful cancer …

Cancer cells can evade the attack from host immune systems via hijacking the regulatory
circuits mediated by immune checkpoints. Therefore, reactivating the antitumor immunity by …

Cancer is a worldwide problem that threatens human health. Radiotherapy plays an
important role in a variety of cancer treatment methods. The administration of radiotherapy …

Background There is a concern that influenza vaccination may increase the incidence of
immune‐related adverse events in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) …

The immune checkpoint programmed death receptor 1 (PD‐1) and programmed death
ligand 1 (PD‐L1) are biologically important immunosuppressive molecules, and the PD …

Immunocheckpoint proteins of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes play an important role in tumor
prognosis in the course of tumor clinicopathology. PD‐1 (Programmed cell death protein 1) …

Immune checkpoint blockers have dramatically improved the chances of survival in patients
with metastatic cancer, but only a subset of the patients respond to treatment. Search for …

Immune checkpoint molecules are important in differentiating between “friend and foe” in the
human immune response and are particularly well known for their impact on anti-cancer …