Metabolism is dynamically regulated to accompany immune cell function, and altered
immunometabolism can result in impaired immune responses. Concomitantly, the …

Highlights•Arginase 1 (ARG1) and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catabolize l-
arginine and l-tryptophan.•ARG1 and IDO1 can be activated in different myeloid cells by …

Recent advances in amino acid metabolism have revealed that targeting amino acid
metabolic enzymes in cancer therapy is a promising strategy for the development of novel …

Amino acid metabolism promotes cancer cell proliferation and survival by supporting
building block synthesis, producing reducing agents to mitigate oxidative stress, and …

Studying the metabolism of immune cells in recent years has emphasized the tight link
existing between the metabolic state and the phenotype of these cells. Macrophages in …

T cell receptor (TCR) triggering by antigen results in metabolic reprogramming that, in turn,
facilitates the exit of T cells from quiescence. The increased nutrient requirements of …

Recent studies indicate that cellular metabolism plays a key role in supporting immune cell
maintenance and development. Here, we review how metabolism guides immune cell …

Sites of ongoing inflammation and triggered immune responses are characterized by
significant changes in metabolic activity. Recent studies have indicated that such shifts in …

Background Naïve lymphocytes circulate in the body in a resting state, but upon recognition
of foreign antigen and receipt of proper costimulatory signals, these cells become activated …

The immune system continuously modulates the balance between responsiveness to
pathogens and tolerance to non‐harmful antigens. The mechanisms that mediate tolerance …