Bacterial antibiotic resistance has become a worldwide challenge with the overuse and
misuse of drugs. Several mechanisms for the resistance are revealed, but information …

Bacteria are well known for their extremely high adaptability in stressful environments. The
clinical relevance of this property is clearly illustrated by the ever-decreasing efficacy of …

Bacteria grown in space experiments under microgravity conditions have been found to
undergo unique physiological responses, ranging from modified cell morphology and …

By targeting essential cellular processes, antibiotics provoke metabolic perturbations and
induce stress responses and genetic variation in bacteria. Here we review current …

Awareness of the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has escalated, and drug-
resistant infections are named among the most urgent issues facing clinicians today …

Sudden stress often triggers diverse, temporally structured gene expression responses in
microbes, but it is largely unknown how variable in time such responses are and if genes …

Acidity is one of the principal physicochemical factors that influence the behavior of
microorganisms in any environment, and their response to it often determines their ability to …

Antibiotic-sensitive and-resistant bacteria coexist in natural environments with low, if
detectable, antibiotic concentrations. Except possibly around localized antibiotic sources …

Bacterial genes that change in expression upon environmental disturbance have commonly
been seen as those that must also phenotypically matter. However, several studies suggest …

Bacteria in various habitats are subject to continuously changing environmental conditions,
such as nutrient deprivation, heat and cold stress, UV radiation, oxidative stress, dessication …