Background Astaxanthin is a xanthophyll carotenoid, which exhibits many important
biological activities including a high degree of antioxidant capacity (AOC) and antibacterial …

The carotenoid pigment astaxanthin has important applications in the nutraceutical,
cosmetics, food and feed industries. Haematococcus pluvialis is the richest source of natural …

Astaxanthin is a natural C40 carotenoid with numerous reported biological functions, most of
them associated with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, standing out from other …

SYNTHETIC ASTAXANTHIN. THE ROUTE OF A CAROTENOID FROM RESEARCH TO
COMMERCIALISATION Kurt Bernhard INTRODUCTION F. Hoffmann-La Ro Page 1 SYNTHETIC …

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with antioxidant properties, synthesised by plants and algae,
and distributed in marine seafood. Astaxanthin is also available as a food supplement, but …

Astaxanthin (1), a red-orange carotenoid pigment, is a powerful biological antioxidant that
occurs naturally in a wide variety of living organisms. The potent antioxidant property of 1 …

Astaxanthin (3, 3-dihydroxy-β, β-carotene-4, 4-dione) is a ketocarotenoid synthesized by
Haematococcus pluvialis/lacustris, Chromochloris zofingiensis, Chlorococcum …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously generated as a by‐product of normal
aerobic metabolism. Elevated ROS formation leads to potential damage of biological …

The ketocarotenoid astaxanthin can be found in the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis,
Chlorella zofingiensis, and Chlorococcum sp., and the red yeast Phaffia rhodozyma. The …