Air pollution is a heterogeneous mixture of gases, liquids and PM (particulate matter). In the
modern urban world, PM is principally derived from fossil fuel combustion with individual …

An association between high levels of air pollutants and human disease has been known for
more than half a century. Air pollution is composed of a heterogeneous mixture of …

Air pollution is increasingly recognized as an important and modifiable determinant of
cardiovascular disease in urban communities. Acute exposure has been linked to a range of …

Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality. The focus of this review will be on the role that both acute and …

Abstract Purpose of Review Air pollution is established as an independent risk factor for
cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Ambient particulate matter (PM), a principal component of …

Air pollution exposure is associated with an increased risk of acute and chronic
cardiovascular mortality. Recent observations have implicated fine particulate matter (PM …

Air pollution, especially airborne particulate matter (PM), is associated with an increase in
both morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease, although the underlying …

Air pollution is consistently linked with elevations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD-
related mortality. Particulate matter (PM) is a critical factor in air pollution-associated CVD …

BACKGROUND Particulate matter (PM) in ambient air is a complex mixture containing
particles of different sizes and chemical composition. Short-term increases in ambient PM …

Air pollution is now becoming an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and
mortality. Numerous epidemiological, biomedical and clinical studies indicate that ambient …