Purpose This manuscript will summarize the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tackle
newly discussed ones within the scope of OA pathogenesis as mentioned in the recent …

Objectives As more has become known of the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA),
evidence that inflammation plays a critical role in its development and progression has …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with cartilage destruction, subchondral bone remodeling
and inflammation of the synovial membrane, although the etiology and pathogenesis …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease and a common cause of joint pain,
functional loss, and disability. In addition to macroscopic features, such as cartilage …

Understanding the molecular drivers and feedback loops of osteoarthritis (OA) may provide
future therapeutic strategies to modulate the disease progression. The current paradigm of …

Osteoarthritis (OA) has traditionally been classified as a noninflammatory arthritis; however,
the dichotomy between inflammatory and degenerative arthritis is becoming less clear with …

Decades ago, osteoarthritis (OA) was considered as the sole consequence of a “tear and
wear” process of cartilage without any participation of joint cells from any joint tissues. This …

Osteoarthritis is a common cause of disability worldwide. Although commonly referred to as
a disease of the joint cartilage, osteoarthritis affects all joint tissues equally. The …

A joint is the point of connection between two bones in our body. Inflammation of the joint
leads to several diseases, including osteoarthritis, which is the concern of this review …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic disease of human joints. The basis of
pathologic changes involves all the tissues forming the joint; already, at an early stage, it has …