Biofilms represent an adaptive lifestyle where microbes grow as structured aggregates in
many different environments, eg on body surfaces and medical devices. They are a …

Biofilm formation increases the survival chances of the microbial species. Increase in
microbial cell density triggers quorum sensing and leads to colony formation. The …

Biofilms are organized sessile microbial communities embedded in a self-secreted
extracellular matrix. These cells exhibit modified morphological, physiological and metabolic …

In the last years, the use of biocides for general disinfection has increased, which has
influenced the incidence of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms [1]. Due to evidence on …

Bacteria that cause infectious diseases adopt biofilms as one of their most prevalent
lifestyles. Biofilms enable bacteria to tolerate environmental stress and evade antibacterial …

Antibiotic resistance and antioxidant defense were induced by ciprofloxacin in planktonic
Proteus mirabilis and compared with the natural antibiotic resistance of biofilm. Resistant …

Biofilm formation in clinical settings is an increasingly important issue particularly due to the
emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, as it resulted in increased mortality, which poses a …

Proteus mirabilis can persist in biofilms, with the bacteria in this state tending to resist
antibiotic therapy. Until now, the relationship between the action of ciprofloxacin and the …

For years, bacteria have developed several strategies to survive and establish ecological
niches, and biofilms present themselves as a structure that facilitates survival and …

Studies on biofilm-related infections are gaining prominence owing to their involvement in
most clinical infections and seriously threatening global public health. A biofilm is a natural …