The formation of the embryonic brain and spinal cord begins as the neural plate bends to
form the neural folds, which meet and adhere to close the neural tube. The neural ectoderm …

The role of susceptibility genes in the etiology of birth defects is unclear, but may involve in
some cases multiple alleles at multiple loci. We suggest a simple epidemiologic approach to …

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the second most common birth defect in humans. Despite
many advances in the understanding of NTDs and the identification of many genes related …

Genetic polymorphisms are thought to play an important role in determining susceptibility to
neural tube defects (NTDs), for example between different ethnic groups, but the embryonic …

Genetic correlation of human neural tube defects (NTDs) with NTD genes identified in
mouse may unravel predisposing complex traits for assessment of individual risk and …

Background Neural Tube Defects (NTD) are a common class of birth defects that occur in
approximately 1 in 1000 live births. Both genetic and nongenetic factors are involved in the …

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are considered to be a complex genetic disorder, although the
identity of the genetic factors remains largely unknown. Mouse model studies suggest a …

BACKGROUND Neural tube defects (NTDs), including anencephaly and spina bifida, have
a complex etiology. Defects in the planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway have been …

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the second most common birth defects (1 in 1000 live births)
in the world. Periconceptional maternal folate supplementation reduces NTD risk by 50 …

Spina bifida, anencephaly, and encephalocele are commonly grouped together and termed
neural tube defects (NTD). Failure of closure of the neural tube during development results …