Clopidogrel decreases the morbidity and mortality associated with several cardiovascular
diseases. However, clopidogrel is a prodrug that needs to be metabolized to the active thiol …

Background The antiplatelet activity of clopidogrel is variable among patients suffering from
ischemic heart disease. Variation in the cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) gene coding for …

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the association of single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) in selected cytochrome P (CYP) genes with plasma concentrations …

Aim: Polymorphisms in CYP2D6 impact the interindividual and interethnic variability of drug
efficiency; therefore, we determined the CYP2D6 allele distribution in eight Amerindian …

The genetic variability of the CYP1A1 I462V polymorphism (CYP1A1* 2C) was investigated
in four Brazilian populations: three groups of African descent and one group of European …

There are significant ethnic differences in the metabolism of some drugs that can be
explained by cytochrome P450 polymorphisms and, in particular, the CYP2D6 isozyme. In …

Summary Multidrug resistance protein 3 (MPR3), encoded by the ATP‐binding cassette,
subfamily C (CFTR/MRP), member 3 (ABCC 3) gene, functions as an important drug efflux …

Background Pharmacogenetic determinants of the response of patients to clopidogrel
contribute to variability in the biologic antiplatelet activity of the drug. The effect of these …

Drug resistance is a phenomenon that has become a critical issue in medical practice. Such
is the case in the response to clopidogrel treatment, which is variable inter‑individually and …

Interethnic variability in the drug-metabolizing capacity of CYP450 enzymes may lead to
discrepancies in the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes worldwide. The …