Sex differences in pain perception are still poorly understood, but they may be related to the
way the brains of men and women respond to the affective dimensions of pain. Using a …

Pain perception varies widely among individuals due to the varying degrees of biological,
psychological, and social factors. Notably, sex differences in pain sensitivity have been …

Despite growing interest in the role of stress mediators in pain chronicity, the effects of the
stress hormone cortisol on acute pain remain incompletely understood. In a randomized …

Background We explored sex differences in the neural mechanisms mediating placebo
analgesia in an established visceral pain model involving painful rectal distensions in …

It is not clear how males and females cope with pain over time and how sensory and
emotional qualities fluctuate from moment to moment, although studies of pain at discrete …

Sex differences in the processing and experience of emotion exist. The present study
examined whether sex differences in emotion lead to sex differences in affective modulation …

Recent studies have suggested that the cerebellum contributes to the central processing of
pain, including pain-related learning and memory processes. As a complex experience with …

Objective A long-standing hypothesis is that when compared with males, females may be at
increased risk of experiencing greater pain sensitivity and unpleasantness. The purpose of …

The relevance of contextual factors in shaping neural mechanisms underlying visceral pain-
related fear learning remains elusive. However, benign interoceptive sensations, which …

Although individual differences in fear and anxiety modulate the pain response and may
even cause more suffering than the initiating physical stimulus, little is known about the …