The present study explored fear acquisition in differential delay versus trace conditioning in
regard to the potential role of the acquired contingency awareness. One of two neutral …

Expression of conditional fear without awareness has been previously demonstrated during
delay conditioning, a procedure in which the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned …

In two experiments, the time course of the expression of fear in trace (hippocampus-
dependent) versus delay (hippocampus-independent) conditioning was characterized with a …

In the context of fear conditioning, different psychophysiological measures have been
related to different learning processes. Specifically, skin conductance responses (SCRs) …

Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies with human subjects have
explored the neural substrates involved in forming associations in Pavlovian fear …

Conditional responding during simple Pavlovian conditioning is often characterized as a
form of implicit memory. The extent to which this type of associative learning is independent …

An early finding in the behavioral analysis of learning was that conditioned responding
weakens as the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) are separated …

Previous studies of associative learning implicate higher-level cognitive processes in some
forms of classical conditioning. An ongoing debate is concerned with the extent to which …

Recent research findings indicate that human fear conditioning is affected by instructions,
particularly those concerning the contingency between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and …

Squire et al. have proposed that trace and delay eyeblink conditioning procedures engage
separate learning systems: a declarative hippocampal/cortical system associated with …