Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) grow as saprotrophs in soil and interact with plants, forming
mutualistic associations with roots of many economically and ecologically important forest …

Root colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve plant
resistance/tolerance to biotic stresses. Although this bioprotection has been amply …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal symbioses are among the most important
drivers of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics. Historically, the two types of symbioses have been …

Plant interaction with beneficial soil microorganisms usually promotes plant growth and
increases the plant's ability to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. Among these beneficial …

Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbioses are among the most widespread associations between
roots of woody plants and soil fungi in forest ecosystems. These associations contribute …

Plants and microbes (mycorrhizal fungi to be precise) have evolved together over the past
millions of years into an association that is mutualist. The plants supply the fungi with …

Abstract 1 Below-ground organisms influence above-ground interactions in both natural and
agricultural ecosystems. Among the most important below-ground organisms are …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which date from the Devonian era, must have dealt very
early on with problems of plant defence, a tactic which has enabled them to colonize roots of …

Below-ground (BG) symbionts of plants can have substantial influence on plant growth and
nutrition. Recent work demonstrates that mycorrhizal fungi can affect plant resistance to …

Background While it is known that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve nutrient
acquisition and herbivore resistance in crops, the mechanisms by which AMF influence plant …