No single factor causes psychological abuse. Rather, it can be best understood within what
is referred to as the ecological model, which considers the balance of risk and protective …

Psychological or emotional maltreatment of children may be the most challenging and
prevalent form of child abuse and neglect. Caregiver behaviors include acts of omission …

We review the risk and protective factors for child emotional abuse. Two main directions can
be derived from this review. First and foremost, definitional issues must be resolved. Second …

FOLLOWING PROFESSIONAL RECOGNITION of the physical abuse of children in the
1960s and child sexual abuse in the 1970s and 1980s, interest in childhood emotional …

Physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and various forms of neglect of children are
associated with substantially increased risk for concurrent and subsequent psychopathology …

Certain behavioral problems in children and adolescents might raise suspicions that abuse
has occurred, but behavioral and other associated problems might also persist or develop …

Psychological maltreatment is a common consequence of physical and sexual abuse but
also may occur as a distinct entity. Until recently, there has been controversy regarding the …

Child maltreatment is a public health issue that affects a sizeable number of children and
adults over the course of their lifetimes. In the United States and Canada, more than 20 …

We review the risk and protective factors for child physical abuse (CPA). An etiological
model based on moderate to strongly supported risk factors would begin with distal …

Children who have suffered early abuse or neglect may later present with significant
behavior problems including emotional instability, depression, and a tendency to be …