This paper reviews current status of bioethanol production including substrates, fermenting
microorganisms and technology for a full-scale process development. Considering main …

Highlights•Lignocellulosic ethanol has received increasing attention because of the
depletion of fossil resources.•Lignocellulosic ethanol can be produced in four main stages …

The renewable lignocellulosic biomass is a sustainable feedstock for the production of
bioethanol, which shows the potential to replace fossil fuels. Due to the recalcitrant structure …

The global energy demand and need for sustainable sources are expected to rise in the
coming years. The second-generation bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass …

Today's society is based on the use of fossil resources for transportation fuels. The result of
unlimited consumption of fossil fuels is a severe depletion of the natural reserves and …

With efforts to reduce global reliance on fossil fuels and lower the greenhouse gas emission,
an increasing search for renewably sourced materials, which can be used as feedstock for …

Production of renewable fuels, especially bio-ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass, holds
remarkable potential to meet the current energy demand as well as to mitigate greenhouse …

With diminishing oil supplies and growing political instability in oil‐producing nations, the
world is facing a major energy threat which needs to be solved by virtue of alternative …

Second-generation bioethanol can be produced from various lignocellulosic biomasses
such as wood, agricultural or forest residues. Lignocellulosic biomass is inexpensive …

Regarding the limited resources for fossil fuels and increasing global energy demands,
greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change, there is a need to find alternative energy …