The RAS gene family provides a global effect on gene expression by encoding small GTP-
binding proteins which act as molecular switches connecting extracellular signals with …

The RAS gene family is among the most studied and best characterized of the known cancer-
related genes. Of the three human ras isoforms, KRAS is the most frequently altered gene …

RAS proteins act as molecular switches between several homeostatic inputs and signal
transduction pathways that regulate important cellular processes including cell growth …

Mutations in RAS proteins occur widely in human cancer. Prompted by the confirmation of
KRAS mutation as a predictive biomarker of response to epidermal growth factor receptor …

BACKGROUND The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways all
belong to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, Mutations in any …

The most commonly mutated isoform of RAS among all cancer subtypes is KRAS. In this
review, we focus on the special role of KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer (CRC), aiming …

Activating mutations of the RAS family of small GTPases are among the most common
genetic events in human tumorigenesis. Constitutive activation of the three canonical family …

Somatic KRAS mutation is an early well‐known event in colorectal carcinogenesis but a
complete understanding of RAS function and dysfunction in colorectal cancer is still to come …

Two of the main cellular pathways in which the RAS protein operates are the mitogen-
activated protein kinases (MAPK) and phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) pathways. In a …

Mutationally activated forms of the three closely related Ras isoforms, Kras, Hras, and Nras
can each exert oncogenic activity, and activated alleles arise in a variety of human cancers …