Roles for Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are emerging in conditions such as sepsis syndrome,
systemic lupus erythromatosis, rheumatoid arthritis and asthma, suggesting that the …

The family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is receiving considerable attention as potential
regulators and controllers of the immune response through their ability to recognize …

The health of living organisms is constantly challenged by bacterial and viral threats. The
recognition of pathogenic microorganisms by diverse receptors triggers a variety of host …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in host defence and inflammation. Given that a
significant amount of evidence implicates TLRs in the pathogenesis of immune diseases …

Since the identification of the first Toll-like receptor (TLR) in humans in 1997, understanding
of the molecular basis for innate immunity has increased significantly. The TLR family and …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognise highly conserved molecular structures, collectively
known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns. In the past two decades, development …

Innate responses to microbes are mediated in large part by toll-like receptors (TLRs), which
recognise a diverse range of molecules produced by viruses, bacteria and fungi. Great effort …

The remarkable discovery of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) over the past 5 years has opened
up an entirely new era in the understanding of the molecular events that initiate the …

Abstract Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an important family of receptors that
constitute the first line of defense system against microbes. They can recognize both …

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are germline‐encoded receptors that are central to innate and
adaptive immune responses. Owing to their vital role in inflammation, TLRs are rational …