SUMMARY A majority of the plant-infecting viruses and many of the animal-infecting viruses
are dependent upon arthropod vectors for transmission between hosts and/or as alternative …

This review focuses on the more important arthropod vectors of plant viruses, 4 families of
homopterans (aphids, whiteflies, leafhoppers, and delphacid planthoppers), thrips …

Until recently, viruses were generally divided on the basis of their host range into bacterial,
plant, vertebrate, and invertebrate viruses (82). However, it was clear that strict division of …

For arthropods and nematodes to transmit plant viruses, there must be a spatial and
temporal overlap of the pathogen, the vector and the host in such a manner that the …

By serving as vectors of transmission, insects play a key role in the infection cycle of many
plant viruses. Viruses use sophisticated transmission strategies to overcome the spatial …

The majority of described plant viruses are transmitted by insects of the Hemipteroid
assemblage that includes aphids, whiteflies, leafhoppers, planthoppers, and thrips. In this …

The mechanisms and impacts of the transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors have
been studied for more than a century. The virus route within the insect vector is amply …

Genetic diversity in viruses is shaped by high rates of recombination and is constrained by
host defenses and the requirements of transmission. Recent studies of insect-transmitted …

The majority of plant-infecting viruses are transmitted to their host plants by vectors. The
interactions between viruses and vector vary in duration and specificity but some common …

Plant viruses possess adaptations for facilitating acquisition, retention, and inoculation by
vectors. Until recently, it was hypothesized that these adaptations are limited to virus …